Friday, December 9, 2016

Svabhaviko bhedabheda-vada or simultaneous difference-nondifference

Bhāskara

Bhaskara(Bhedabheda-vada or real difference-nondifference)

Bhaskara does not favor either Samkara's views or those of Pancaratra Vaisnavas. He is an upholder of the bhedabheda-vada, or the doctrine that unity and multiplicity are equally real. Brahman is not an undifferentiated mass of pure consciousness, but possesses all perfection. The causal state of Brahman is regarded as a unity, while its evolved condition is one of multiplicity. Things are non-different in their causal and generic aspects and different as effects and individuals. Non-difference does not absorb difference as fire consumes grass. The two are equally real. Bhaskara believes in the real evolution. He regards the illusion theory as unauthentic. He holds that the world of matter has real existence, though it is essentially of the same nature as Brahman. When matter acts on Brahman, it serves as a limiting adjunct in the form of body and senses and results in the rise of individual souls. The jiva is naturally one with Brahman, while its difference from Brahman is due to limitations and not avidya. The relation of jivas to Brahman is illustrated by the analogy of sparks and fire. Karma, according to Bhaskara, is an essential means to acquiring knowledge (jnana) which results in salvation. Thus he adopts the view of jnana-karma-samuccaya (the combination of karma and jnana).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bh%C4%81skara_(philosopher)
https://archive.org/stream/philosophyofbhed031564mbp/philosophyofbhed031564mbp_djvu.txt
http://www.slideshare.net/search/slideshow?searchfrom=header&q=bhaskara+vedanta

Wednesday, December 16, 2015

Mahavakyas - "Great Sayings" of Upanishads

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mah%C4%81v%C4%81kyas

Swami
http://www.swamij.com/mahavakyas.htm

Negative Meditation

"I am not the body. I am not the mind. I am Sat-Chit-Ananda Svarupa." Meditate on the above ideas constantly. Feel you are the Sat-Chit-Ananda Svarupa always, all through twenty-four hours. Negate the body-idea. Incessant Sadhana is necessary to remove Deha-Adhyasa which is due to Anadi Samskaras (beginningless impressions). If you can go above the body-consciousness, if you can leave the body at will, three fourths of your Sadhana is over. There is a little balance only. Then, there remains only the drawing of the curtain, removal of the veil of Avidya. That can be done quite easily. Even when you move about, even when you are at work, always feel that you are all-pervading, infinite Brahman. This is important. Thinking, concentration and efforts to separate yourself from the body should go together. In negative meditation, the Jnani dwells in Suddha, Nirguna Brahman. He has no consciousness of the world.


Positive Meditation

I am the All (Sarvatva) I am in All (Sarvatmaka) Meditate on the above ideas. In this meditation, the body and the world are taken as Brahman. As expressions of Brahman they are included. It is highly preposterous to think that Brahman is by itself full of Ananda and that which is expressed out of Brahman is full of misery, pain and sorrow. Pessimism should be shunned. It is the Jiva Srishti that is at the bottom of all pain and misery. There is nothing wrong in Isvara Srishti. Isvara Srishti does not give the least pain. On the contrary, it is Kama, Krodha, idea of mine, thine, "I am the doer" etc., that cause all trouble. This is due to Ajnana which causes identification with the limited mind.

Repeat the above idea mentally at all times. Feel you are the All. Feel that your Shakti is working in all bodies. Constantly dwell on these ideas: "The whole world is my body. All bodies are mine. All lives are mine. All pains are mine. All joys are mine." Jealousy, anger, hatred, egoism all will vanish. In the Samadhi of positive meditation, the Jnani sees within himself the world as a movement of ideas. He is both Saguna and Nirguna.

Online
http://sivanandaonline.org/public_html/?cmd=archives-search&search_string=Mahavakyas

Essay
http://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/essays/mahavakyas.asp

Vedas
Shishya
(lineage)
DirectionMaṭhaMahāvākyaVedaSampradaya
PadmapādaEastGovardhana PīṭhaṃPrajñānam brahma (Consciousness is Brahman)Rig VedaBhogavala
SureśvaraSouthSringeri Śārada PīṭhaṃAham brahmāsmi (I am Brahman)Yajur VedaBhūrivala
HastāmalakācāryaWestDvāraka PīṭhaṃTattvamasi (That thou art)Sama VedaKitavala
ToṭakācāryaNorthJyotirmaṭha PīṭhaṃAyamātmā brahma (This Atman is Brahman)Atharva VedaNandavala

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